1.鍑嗗宸ヤ綔
棣栧厛鍛紝鎴戜滑瑕佺‘淇濇垜浠凡缁忎箣鍓嶅畨瑁卹equests搴擄紝濡傛灉娌℃湁瀹夎锛屾寜鐓т笅闈㈡楠ゆ寜鐓у簱銆
pip 瀹夎
鏃犺鏄 Windows銆丩inux 杩樻槸 Mac锛岄兘鍙互閫氳繃 pip 杩欎釜鍖呯鐞嗗伐鍏锋潵瀹夎銆
鍦ㄥ懡浠よ涓嬭繍琛屽涓嬪懡浠ゅ嵆鍙畬鎴 requests 搴撶殑瀹夎锛
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1 |
pip3 install requests |
杩欐槸鏈绠鍗曠殑瀹夎鏂瑰紡锛屾帹鑽愭绉嶆柟娉曞畨瑁呫
楠岃瘉瀹夎
涓轰簡楠岃瘉搴撴槸鍚﹀凡缁忓畨瑁呮垚鍔燂紝鍙互鍦ㄥ懡浠よ涓嬫祴璇曚竴涓嬶細
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importrequests
res=requests.get('https://www.baidu.com/')
print(res) |
杈撳叆濡備笂鍐呭锛屽鏋滀粈涔堥敊璇彁绀轰篃娌℃湁锛岄偅涔堝氨璇佹槑鎴戜滑宸茬粡鎴愬姛瀹夎浜 requests銆
2.瀹炰緥寮曞叆
requests搴撹姹傜綉椤电敤鍒扮殑鏄痝et()鏂规硶锛屼笅闈㈤氳繃瀹炰緥鏉ョ湅涓涓嬨
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importrequests
res=requests.get('https://www.baidu.com/')
print(type(res))
print(res)
print(res.text)
print(res.cookies) |
杩欓噷鎴戜滑璋冪敤get()鏂规硶瀹炵幇锛屽緱鍒颁竴涓猺esponse瀵硅薄锛岀劧鍚庡垎鍒緭鍑簉esponse鐨勭被鍨嬶紝鐘舵佺爜锛屽唴瀹逛互鍙奵ookies銆
鍙兘鎴愬姛鍦颁娇鐢╣et()鏂规硶鍙戣捣涓涓猤et()璇锋眰骞朵笉瓒充负濂囷紝杩樻湁鍏朵粬鏇存柟渚跨殑璇锋眰鍙緵浣跨敤銆傛瘮濡俻ost(),put()绛夌瓑銆
3.get()璇锋眰
HTTP鏈甯歌鐨勮姹備箣涓灏辨槸GET璇锋眰锛屼笅闈㈡垜浠鍏堝厛鏉ヤ簡瑙ｄ竴涓嬪埄鐢╮equests鏋勫缓GET鐨勬柟娉
鍩烘湰瀹炰緥
棣栧厛锛屾垜浠瀯寤轰竴涓渶绠鍗曠殑get璇锋眰锛岃姹傜殑閾炬帴濡備笅锛岃缃戠珯浼氬垽鏂鏋滅敤鎴峰彂璧风殑鐨勬槸get璇锋眰鐨勮瘽锛屽畠灏变細杩斿洖鍝嶅簲鐨勮姹備俊鎭
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importrequests
res=requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get')
print(res.text) |
杩愯鐨勭粨鏋滃涓嬶細
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{ "args": {}, "headers": { "Accept":"*/*", "Accept-Encoding":"gzip, deflate", "Host":"httpbin.org", "User-Agent":"python-requests/2.27.1", "X-Amzn-Trace-Id":"Root=1-637ae5d7-35da1bf57b139d152585d12a" }, "origin":"223.215.67.113", "url":"http://httpbin.org/get" } |
鍙互鍙戠幇锛屾垜浠垚鍔熷彂璧蜂簡get璇锋眰锛岃繑鍥炵粨鏋滀腑鍖呭惈璇锋眰澶达紝url锛孖P绛変俊鎭
閭ｄ箞锛屽浜嶨ET璇锋眰锛屽鏋滄垜浠兂瑕侀檮鍔犻澶栦俊鎭紝涓鑸庝箞娣诲姞鍛紵姣斿璁诧紝鐜板湪鎯虫坊鍔犱袱涓弬鏁帮紝鍏朵腑name鏄疶ina锛宎ge鏄18銆傝鏋勯犺繖涓姹傞摼鎺ワ紝鏄笉鏄彲浠ョ洿鎺ュ啓鎴愶細
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1 |
r=requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get?name=Tina&age=18') |
杩欐牱涔熸槸鍙互鐨勶紝鎴戜滑杩樺彲浠ラ氳繃瀛楀吀鏉ユ瀯閫犮傚埄鐢╬arams杩欎釜鍙傛暟灏卞ソ浜嗐
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importrequests
data={
'name':'Tina'锛
'age':'18' }
res=requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get',params=data)
print(res.text) |
杩愯缁撴灉濡備笅锛
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{ "args": { "age":"18", "name":"Tina" }, "headers": { "Accept":"*/*", "Accept-Encoding":"gzip, deflate", "Host":"httpbin.org", "User-Agent":"python-requests/2.27.1", "X-Amzn-Trace-Id":"Root=1-637ae902-695483e87b26b3ad49d15df7" }, "origin":"223.215.67.113", "url":"http://httpbin.org/get?name=Tina&age=18" } |
閫氳繃杩愯缁撴灉鍒ゆ柇锛岃姹傜殑閾炬帴鑷姩鍙樻垚浜嗗甫鏈夊悗缂鐨勯摼鎺ャ
姝ゅ锛屽疄闄呬笂缃戦〉杩斿洖鐨勬槸瀛楃涓茬被鍨嬶紙str锛夛紝浣嗘槸鍏舵牸寮忎负json()锛屾垜浠彲浠ヤ娇鐢╦son鏉ヨ繑鍥炰竴涓瓧鍏搞傚鏋滀笉鏄痡son鏍煎紡锛屼娇鐢╦son灏变細鎶ラ敊锛屾姏鍑簀son.decoder.JSONDecodeError寮傚父銆
4.post()璇锋眰
闄や簡鏈鍩烘湰鐨刧et璇锋眰锛岃繕鏈変竴绉嶆瘮杈冨父瑙佺殑璇锋眰鏂瑰紡鏄痯ost().銆備娇鐢╮equests瀹炵幇post璇锋眰涔熸槸闈炲父绠鍗曪紝绀轰緥濡備笅銆
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importrequests
res=requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post')
print(res.text) |
杩愯涔嬪悗灏变細鍙戠幇寰楀埌浜嗙粨鏋滐紝灏辫鏄庢垜浠琾ost璇锋眰鎴愬姛銆
5.鍝嶅簲
鍙戦佽姹傦紝涔嬪悗寰楀埌鐨勮偗瀹氬氨鏄搷搴斻傞櫎浜唗ext锛岃繕鏈夌姸鎬佺爜锛屽搷搴斿ご锛宑ookies绛夌瓑銆
requests 搴撳彲浠ョ敤鏉ュ彂閫 HTTP 璇锋眰骞惰幏鍙栧搷搴斻傚彂閫 HTTP 璇锋眰鍚庯紝浠庢湇鍔″櫒杩斿洖鐨勬墍鏈夋暟鎹兘浼氬寘鍚湪 Response 瀵硅薄涓俁esponse 瀵硅薄鏈変互涓嬪睘鎬э細
status_code锛欻TTP 鐘舵佺爜锛岃〃绀烘湇鍔″櫒鐨勫搷搴旂姸鎬併
headers锛氫竴涓瓧鍏革紝鍏朵腑鍖呭惈浜嗕粠鏈嶅姟鍣ㄨ繑鍥炵殑鎵鏈夊ご閮ㄤ俊鎭
body锛氫竴涓瓧鑺備覆锛屽寘鍚簡浠庢湇鍔″櫒杩斿洖鐨勬墍鏈夋暟鎹
浠ヤ笂灏辨槸Python涔媟equests瀹夎鏂规硶鐨勮缁嗗唴瀹癸紝鏇村淇℃伅璇峰叧娉∣D浜戝叾瀹冪浉鍏虫枃绔狅紒
鍠 娆 583